Pore structure evolution in andesite rocks induced by freeze-thaw cycles examined by non-destructive methods.

In this paper, we compare the values of petrophysical properties before and after 100 freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles, as well as recorded length change behaviour and temperature development on a vacuum-saturated fractured andesite rock sample taken from the Babina Quarry in Slovakia using a specially-constructed thermodilatometer, VLAP 04, equipped with two HIRT-LVDT sensors. We also used non-destructive visualization of the rock pore network by µCT imaging in order to study the development of the pore structure and fracture network in pyroxene andesites during the freeze-thaw process. The results show that the andesite rock samples, due to good fabric cohesion, low porosity, and low pore interconnection, showed good resistance against frost-induced damage. However, it must be stated that the main process causing disintegration of this type of rock is fracture opening, which is caused by internal stresses induced by water-ice phase transition. The overall residual strain recorded after 100 F-T cycles was not significant, however, the increase of 31 pp in volume of the fracture showed us that repeated freezing and thawing can lead to long term deterioration in terms of subcritical crack growth in brittle-elastic solids like pyroxene-andesite rocks.

Manejo de la excitación psicomotriz en niños y adolescentes / Management of psychomotor excitement in children and adolescents

La agitación o excitación psicomotriz (EPM) es un síndrome que no constituye en sí mismo una enfermedad, sino que se trata de una manifestación de una gran variedad de trastornos psiquiátricos y orgánicos. Se caracteriza por aumento desorganizado de la motricidad acompañado de una activación vegetativa (sudoración, taquicardia, midriasis) y ansiedad severa. Constituye uno de los cuadros de presentación más frecuente en salas de urgencia psiquiátricas y generales. El objetivo del presente artículo es revisar los aspectos clínicos del síndrome, describir las diferentes causas y plantear su manejo en los diferentes ámbitos de la práctica clínica y medidas de seguridad. Se consideran las medidas terapéuticas no farmacológicas (intervenciones verbales, sujeción física) y medicamentosas, mencionando las vías de administración, las opciones de drogas y sus dosis según la presunción diagnóstica. Es una urgencia donde se debe actuar con rapidez para garantizar la seguridad del paciente y del entorno (AU)

Psychomotor agitation or excitation (PMA) is not a disorder in itself but a manifestation of a broad variety of psychiatric and organic disorders. It is characterized by increased disorganization of motor activity associated with vegetative activation (sweating, increased heart rate, mydriasis) and severe anxiety. It is one of the most common disorders presenting in general and psychiatric emergency departments. The aim of this study was to review the clinical aspects of the entity, to describe possible causes, and to evaluate management in different settings of clinical practice as well as safety measures. Non-pharmacological interventions (verbal interventions, physical restraint) and medications are considered, describing routes of administration, options of drugs and drug doses according to the presumed diagnosis. PMA is an urgency in which fast intervention is warranted for the safety of the patient and their environment (AU)

[Secondary lens implantation]. / Sekundäre Linsenimplantation.

In 12 aphakic patients iris-supported lenses were implanted as a secondary procedure over a period of approximately 1 1/2 years, in one patient bilaterally. In 9 patients the implantation was combined with anterior vitrectomy. In one case retinal detachment occurred postoperatively, and in another a subluxation. Both of these complications were successfully remedied.

[Experiences with the transplantation of tissue-cultured corneas]. / Erfahrungen mit der Transplantation von gewebekultivierten Hornhäuten.

Between October 1982 and May 1984, 21 cultivated donor corneas were successfully grafted in 20 patients at Innsbruck Eye Clinic. The average duration of cultivation was 10.9 days; the average number of endothelial cells prior to cultivation was 3,050 per mm2, and after cultivation 2,850 per mm2.